ジェイムズ・カーカップ(James Falconer Kirkup、1918年4月23日 - 2009年5月10日)は、英国の詩人・劇作家。
人物・来歴
英国ダーラム州生まれ。ダーラム大学卒。 1959年から1961年東北大学英文学講師。1963年に再来日し、日本女子大学、名古屋大学などで教えた。 1964年東京オリンピック記念日本ペンクラブ文学賞に連作詩「海の日本」で最優秀賞。 日本との関係が深く、その文章は高校、大学の英語教科書に多く採用された。
著書『にっぽんの印象 「角立つ島々」の日記』(速川浩, 徳永暢三共訳、南雲堂) 1964
『扇をすてた日本』(速川浩, 徳永暢三共訳、南雲堂) 1966
『詩人の声 現代英詩の鑑賞的分析』(徳永暢三共著、研究社出版) 1967
『病める国、イギリス』(三浦富美子訳、英潮社) 1967
『日本随想』(三浦富美子訳、朝日出版社) 1971
『日本人と英米人 身ぶり・行動パターンの比較』(中野道雄共著、大修館書店) 1973
『障子』(佐藤健治訳、原始林の会) 1973
『日本文学英訳の優雅な技術』(中野道雄共著、研究社出版) 1973
『真昼』(佐藤健治訳、航程社) 1973
『詩の絵本動物誌』(佐藤健治訳、思潮社) 1974
『沈みゆく老大国』(三浦富美子訳、英潮社) 1976
『カーカップの英文学再見』(徳永暢三編訳、大修館書店) 1980.5
『文化さまざま』(石黒昭博共編著、成美堂) 1983.1
『ひとりっ子 自叙伝1』(武本明子訳、匠出版) 1986.6
『英語ゼミナール』(豊田昌倫, 野村恵造編注、朝日出版社) 1986.4
『私と作家たち』(柴田稔彦, 朱雀成子編注、朝日出版社) 1987.4
『光と陰と 自叙伝2』(武本明子訳、匠出版) 1987.5
『禅瞑想 詩集』(渡辺観寿訳、あざみ書房) 1988.3
『グリゼルダ・ある愛のかたち』(佐藤健治編、泰文堂) 1996.4
共著・翻訳『日英比較ボディ・ランゲージ事典』(中野道雄共著、大修館書店) 1985.12
『記憶の茂み 齋藤史歌集』(玉城周と選歌・英訳、三輪書店) 2002.1
『蝶意 和英對譯句集』(中原道夫, 玉城周共訳、邑書林) 2009.10
James Harold Kirkup FRSL (23 April 1918 – 10 May 2009)[1] was an English poet, translator and travel writer. He wrote more than 45 books, including autobiographies, novels and plays. He wrote under many pen-names including James Falconer, Aditya Jha, Jun Honda, Andrew James, Taeko Kawai, Felix Liston, Edward Raeburn, and Ivy B. Summerforest.[2] He became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 1962.
Early life
James Kirkup was brought up in South Shields, England, and was educated at Westoe Secondary School, and then at King's College, Durham University.[3] During the Second World War, he was a conscientious objector,[4] and worked for the Forestry Commission,[5] on the land in the Yorkshire Dales and at the Lansbury Gate Farm, Clavering, Essex. He taught at The Downs School in Colwall, Malvern, where W. H. Auden had earlier been a master. Kirkup wrote his first book of poetry there; this was The Drowned Sailor, which was published in 1947.[5] From 1950 to 1952, he was the first Gregory Poetry Fellow at Leeds University, making him the first resident university poet in the United Kingdom.[6][7]
He moved south with his partner to Gloucestershire in 1952, and became a visiting poet at Bath Academy of Art for the next three years. Moving on from Bath, Kirkup taught in a London grammar school before leaving England in 1956[5] to live and work in continental Europe, the Americas and the Far East. In Japan, he found acceptance and appreciation of his work, and he settled there for 30 years, lecturing in English literature at several universities.
Blasphemy case
Kirkup came to public attention in 1977, after the newspaper Gay News published his poem "The Love That Dares to Speak Its Name", in which a Roman centurion describes his lust for and attraction to the crucified Jesus. In the Whitehouse v Lemon case, Mary Whitehouse, then Secretary of the National Viewers' and Listeners' Association, successfully prosecuted the editor of the newspaper, Dennis Lemon, for blasphemous libel under the Blasphemy Act 1697.[8]
Poetry
After the writing of simple verses and rhymes from the age of six, and the publication of The Drowned Sailor in 1947, Kirkup's published works encompassed several dozen collections of poetry, six volumes of autobiography,[5] more than a hundred monographs of original work and translations and thousands of shorter pieces in journals and periodicals. His skilled writing of haiku and tanka is acknowledged internationally. Many of his poems recall his childhood days in the north-east, and are featured in such publications as The Sense of the Visit, To the Ancestral North, Throwback, and Shields Sketches.
In 1995, James Hogg and Wolfgang Görtschacher (University of Salzburg Press / Poetry Salzburg) received a letter from Andorra signed by Kirkup, who had just returned from Japan.[citation needed] Kirkup suggested the republication of some of his early books that had been out of print for quite a while. At the same time he wanted to offer new manuscripts that would establish the Salzburg imprint as his principal publisher. What started in 1995 with the collection Strange Attractors and A Certain State of Mind – the latter an anthology of classic, modern and contemporary Japanese haiku – ended after more than a dozen publications with the epic poem Pikadon in 1997.[9]
Kirkup's home town of South Shields now holds a growing collection of his works in the Central Library, and artefacts from his time in Japan are housed in the nearby Museum. His last volume of poetry was published during the summer of 2008 by Red Squirrel Press, and was launched at Central Library in South Shields.
Legacy
Kirkup's papers are held at Yale and South Shields.[13]
New Zealand composer Douglas Mews set two of Kirkup's poems to music: Japan Physical for soprano and piano and Ghosts, Fire, Water for unaccompanied choir and alto solo.[14] Ghosts, Fire, Water was written for the University of Auckland Festival Choir which performed it at the International Universities' Choral Festival in New York and at other concerts on its world tour in 1972. The poem from Kirkup's anthology No more Hiroshimas: poems and translations was based on three of the Hiroshima Panels.[15] Audiences were affected by the poignancy and emotional power of the work[16][17] and it has continued to be part of the choral repertoire.[15]
Whitehouse v Lemon is a 1977 court case involving the blasphemy law in the United Kingdom. It was the last successful blasphemy trial in the UK.
"The Love That Dares to Speak Its Name"
"The Love That Dares to Speak Its Name" is a poem by James Kirkup. It is written from the viewpoint of a Roman centurion who describes having sex with Jesus after his crucifixion, and also says that Jesus had had sex with other men including disciples, guards, and Pontius Pilate.[1] The poem itself was considered of low artistic value, both by critics and the author himself.[2]
In 1976 the poem was published in Gay News, with an accompanying illustration.[1][2]
Prosecution
In early November 1976, Mary Whitehouse obtained a copy of the poem and announced her intention to bring a private prosecution against the magazine. Leave to bring this prosecution was granted on 9 December 1976. The charges named Gay News Ltd and Denis Lemon[3] as the publishers. A charge against Moore Harness Ltd for distributing was subsequently dropped. The indictment described the offending publication as "a blasphemous libel concerning the Christian religion, namely an obscene poem and illustration vilifying Christ in his life and in his crucifixion".
The Gay News Fighting Fund was set up in December 1976. Judge Alan King-Hamilton QC heard the trial at the Old Bailey on 4 July 1977, with John Mortimer QC and Geoffrey Robertson QC representing the accused and John Smyth representing Mary Whitehouse.
Verdict and sentence
On Monday 11 July, the jury found both defendants guilty. Gay News Ltd was fined £1,000. Denis Lemon was fined £500 and sentenced to nine months' imprisonment suspended. It had been "touch and go", said the judge, whether he would actually send Denis Lemon to jail.
Mary Whitehouse's costs of £7,763 were ordered to be paid four-fifths by Gay News Ltd and one-fifth by Lemon.
Appeals
Gay News Ltd and Denis Lemon appealed against conviction and sentence. On 17 March 1978, the Court of Appeal quashed Denis Lemon's suspended prison sentence but upheld the convictions on the basis that the law of blasphemy had been developed before mens rea, literally, a "guilty mind", became an essential element of a crime.
Gay News readers voted by a majority of 20 to 1 in favour of appealing to the House of Lords. The Law Lords heard the appeal against conviction and delivered their judgment on 21 February 1979.
At issue was whether or not the offence of blasphemous libel required specific intent of committing such a blasphemy. By a majority of 3 to 2, the Lords concluded that intention was not required. Lord Scarman was of the opinion that blasphemy laws should cover all religions and not just Christianity and sought strict liability for those who "cause grave offence to the religious feelings of some of their fellow citizens or are such as to tend to deprave and corrupt persons who are likely to read them".[4] The appeal was lost.
The European Commission of Human Rights declared the case inadmissible to be heard by the European Court of Human Rights on 7 May 1982. The £26,435 raised by the Gay News Fighting Fund through benefits and donations from the gay community and others, including a £500 donation from Monty Python, was sufficient to cover the costs of the trial and appeals.
Abolition of blasphemous libel as an offence
Blasphemous libel ceased to be a common law offence in England and Wales with the passing of the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008.
Later appearances of the poem
In 1996, the Lesbian and Gay Christian Movement was investigated by the police after publishing a hyperlink to the Queer Resources Directory, an American website, that included a copy of the poem. In April 1997 the police declared that they did not intend to prosecute.[5] The investigation was commented on by civil liberties groups as raising issues about whether linking constituted legally publication. However, it did not produce a legal precedent on the question as it did not go to court.[6]
In 2002, a deliberate and well-publicised public repeat reading of the poem took place on the steps of St Martin-in-the-Fields church in Trafalgar Square, London, without any incidents. Kirkup criticized the politicizing of his poem.[7][2]
See alsoJohn William Gott
List of works depicting Jesus as LGBT
Smyth was born in Canada on 27 June 1941. He attended Strathcona School, Calgary. His family subsequently moved to England, where he was educated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, and Trinity College, Bristol.[2]Legal career
Smyth was called to the Bar at Inner Temple in 1965, and took silk as a Queen's Counsel in 1979. He was a recorder (with the powers of a circuit judge able to sit in the Crown Court, the County Court or the Family Court) from 1978 to 1984.
During the 1970s and early 1980s, he lived in Winchester while practising law in London.[3]
In July 1977, Smyth acted for Christian morality campaigner Mary Whitehouse in her successful private prosecution for blasphemy (Whitehouse v Lemon) at the Old Bailey against the newspaper Gay News and its editor, Denis Lemon, over the publication of James Kirkup's poem The Love that Dares to Speak its Name.[4] He also initially acted for Whitehouse in her failed prosecution of the National Theatre production of Howard Brenton's play The Romans in Britain in 1980, but withdrew from the case in 1982, which was stated at the time to be due to illness, but later documented in the Makin report to have been part of his agreement with the Iwerne Trust after they became aware of his abuse.[5][3]
A King's Counsel (post-nominal initials KC) is a senior lawyer appointed by the monarch (or their viceregal representative) of some Commonwealth realms as a "Counsel learned in the law". When the reigning monarch is a woman, the title is Queen's Counsel (QC).
The position originated in England and Wales. Some Commonwealth countries have retained the designation, while others have either abolished the position or renamed it so as to remove monarchical connotations — for example, "Senior Counsel" or "Senior Advocate".
Appointment as King's Counsel is an office recognised by courts. Members in the UK have the privilege of sitting within the inner bar of court. As members wear silk gowns of a particular design, appointment as King's Counsel is known informally as taking silk and KCs are often colloquially called silks.[1] Appointments are made from within the legal profession on the basis of merit and not a particular level of experience. Successful applicants are normally barristers, or in Scotland, advocates, with at least 15 years of experience.
In most Canadian jurisdictions, the designation is regulated by formal statute, such as, for example, "King's Counsel Act" of British Columbia, that requires the candidates to have a minimum five years of experience, and to have made an outstanding contribution to the practice of law with high professional standards and good character and repute.[2]
11/13/2024
ドS弁護士の所業の隠蔽に加担したとしてカンタベリー大主教ジャスティン・ウェルビー師が磔刑(T-T)に!LoL
The last archbishop to preside over a coronation was Geoffrey Fisher who crowned Elizabeth II on 2 June 1953.[54] He was appointed Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO) in the 2024 New Year Honours for services at the coronation.[55]https://jyado.blogspot.com/2024/11/slol_13.html
返信削除The last time a case was brought in the UK was in 1921 when a Mr Gott was sentenced to nine months in prison for publishing a pamphlet that suggested that Christ looked like a clown as he entered Jerusalem.
わかってる人はわかってるんですなw
Queen's Counselゲットしたあとは勲章Orderほすいわけで、
返信削除Orderゲットするには、
Orderを守らせるのに貢献しなきゃならんわけで
Orderを守らせるには、
不逞分子を裁判でやっつけたり、
上級国民の行事に紛れこんだ下層民を躾けるためのお尻ペンペンがw
>Successful applicants are normally barristers, or in Scotland,advocates
返信削除Scotland